Article

Nutriomic Analysis of Fresh and Processed Fruit Products. 2. During in Vitro Simultaneous Molecular Passages Using Caco-2 Cell Monolayers

School of Land, Crop and Food Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Slip Road, St. Lucia, Australia 4072
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57 (8), pp 3377–3388
DOI: 10.1021/jf802226n
Publication Date (Web): March 16, 2009
Copyright © 2009 American Chemical Society
* Address correspondence to this author at Food Technology, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Jl. Dinoyo 42−44 Surabaya, Indonesia 60265 (telephone +62 31 5678478, ext. 146; fax +62 31 5610818; e-mail margarethaiev@gmail.com)., †

School of Land, Crop and Food Sciences.

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Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences.

Abstract

Many studies have used Caco-2 cell monolayers as human intestinal absorption models. However, only a few studied digested foods, instead of pure standard compounds. Moreover, beneficial and nutritional molecules (nutriome) have not been investigated simultaneously. The present study explored nutriome passages from digest solution of fresh, dried, and juiced tomato, mango, and papaya using Caco-2 cell monolayers in apical→basolateral directions. A validation method using complementary TEER and Papp values or internal standard caffeine is recommended because physiologically passive diffusion is unlikely to happen. Sugars were transported into basolateral sides, resulting in potential glucose equivalent bioavailability of 2.26−75 mg h−1/100 g (WB). Using sugar passage rates (DB) of juices as 100% references, the rate order was tomato (49.8% dried; 89.5% fresh) > mango (56.8% dried; 22.8% fresh) > papaya (18.7% dried; 36.7% fresh). Major indications that phytochemical absorption does not occur in the small intestine were obtained from the bioassay condition selected. Apical organic acid levels decreased, which occasionally were transported into basolateral sides, whereas the disappearances of apical carotenoids and phenolics were not. Pectin substances were predicted to be responsible for the disappearances of bioactive compounds in those pectin-rich fruits. Further investigations on the role of pectin substances in intestinal passages are recommended.

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Received 21 July 2008
Date accepted 16 February 2009
Published online 16 March 2009
Published in print 22 April 2009
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